Dentures: Dentures are removable dental appliances used to replace missing teeth and surrounding tissues. They are custom-made to fit the patient’s mouth and restore aesthetics and function.
Types of Dentures
Complete Dentures:
- Conventional Complete Dentures: Placed after the remaining teeth are removed, and tissues have healed.
- Immediate Complete Dentures: Inserted immediately after tooth extraction, allowing the patient to have teeth during the healing period.
Partial Dentures:
- Removable Partial Dentures: Replace one or several missing teeth and are supported by remaining natural teeth and gums.
- Fixed Partial Dentures (Bridges): Also known as “fixed bridges,” these are cemented onto existing teeth or dental implants.
Causes for Needing Dentures
- Tooth Loss: Due to decay, gum disease, trauma, or congenital conditions.
- Improving Chewing and Speech: Restoring function lost due to missing teeth.
- Enhancing Appearance: Improving smile aesthetics and facial structure.
- Supporting Facial Muscles: Preventing facial sagging that can occur with missing teeth.
New Technologies in Dentures
- Digital Denture Design: CAD/CAM technology allows for precise and efficient design and fabrication of dentures.
- 3D Printing: Enables rapid production of dentures from digital designs, offering customization and faster turnaround times.
- Improved Materials: Advances in acrylic resins and other materials enhance durability, comfort, and aesthetics of dentures.
Risks and Complications
- Initial Discomfort: Common when adjusting to new dentures, which may cause sore spots or irritation.
- Difficulty Eating and Speaking: Especially with new dentures until muscles and tissues adjust.
- Gum and Tissue Irritation: Poorly fitting dentures can cause inflammation and soreness.
- Bone Resorption: Continued bone loss in the jaw due to lack of tooth roots, which can affect denture fit over time.
- Denture Fracture: Accidental damage to dentures, particularly if dropped or mishandled.
- Oral Infections: Poor oral hygiene with dentures can lead to fungal infections like oral thrush.
Complications
- Loose Dentures: Over time, changes in the jaw bone and gums can cause dentures to become loose and require adjustments.
- Changes in Taste: Some patients report alterations in taste sensations with dentures.
- Social Adjustment: Adjusting to wearing dentures can affect self-confidence and social interactions.
Conclusion
Dentures are valuable prosthetic devices for replacing missing teeth and restoring oral function and aesthetics. Advances in technology and materials continue to improve their comfort, fit, and longevity. However, proper care and regular dental visits are essential to prevent complications and ensure the best outcome for denture wearers. Dentists can provide personalized advice and care to address individual needs and concerns related to denture use.
